Warm climate EU10 countries
(base building B)
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Headline facts and figures
- Broadly representative of Cyprus and Malta
- 132,000 dwellings
- 4,500 buildings (theoretical)
- 28% of dwellings in the region
- Energy-saving potential in stock: 25%, equivalent to 1% of region’s final energy demand or 0.06 MtCO2 emissions
Predominant construction and heating features
- In situ concrete walls, flat concrete roof and concrete floor, single-glazed, metal frame windows
- Dwelling based electric systems or appliances
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Cost effectiveness of energy efficiency investment
Energy savings, investment costs and cost of conserved energy
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U-value before
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U-value after
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Energy saved [kWh/m2a]
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Annual investment cost [€/m2a]
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Cost of conserved energy [€cent/kWh]
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Simple payback [a]
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Walls
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2.60
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0.48
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64.1
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37.3%
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0.97
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1.5
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5.5
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Roof
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3.40
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0.43
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22.2
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12.9%
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0.15
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0.7
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2.5
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Floor
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3.40
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0.48
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21.8
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12.7%
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0.17
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0.8
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2.9
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Windows
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4.20
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2.71
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15.0
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8.7%
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0.78
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5.2
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18.9
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Package
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3.11
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0.88
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123.1
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71.7%
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2.08
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1.7
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6.1
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Energy savings, costs of energy and of CO2 mitigation
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Energy saved [kWh/m2a]
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Cost of supplied energy [€cent/kWh]
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Cost of conserved energy [€cent/kWh]
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Net cost of conserved energy [€cent/kWh]
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Cost of CO2 mitigation [€/tCO2]
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Net cost of CO2 mitigation [€/tCO2]
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Walls
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64.1
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37.3%
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4.8
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1.5
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-3.2
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75
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-160
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Roof
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22.2
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12.9%
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0.7
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-4.1
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34
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-201
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Floor
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21.8
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12.7%
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0.8
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-4.0
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39
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-196
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Windows
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15.0
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8.7%
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5.2
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0.4
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257
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21
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Package
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123.1
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71.7%
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4.8
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1.7
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-3.1
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84
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-152
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Issues
- Heating demand is the lowest of the regions.
- Malta poses issues not present in any other European country considered, because the government subsidises household energy very heavily – it costs about 0.29c/kWhe. As a consequence, building a financial argument in the same way as for the other base buildings for investment in energy efficiency is not possible.