Moderate climate AS3 countries
(base building F)
|
|
|
Headline facts and figures
- Broadly representative of Bulgaria and Romania
- 1.9 million dwellings
- 40,000 buildings (theoretical)
- 22% of dwellings in the region
- Energy-saving potential in stock: 31%, equivalent to 2.2% of region’s final energy demand or 1.1 MtCO2 emissions
Predominant construction and heating features
- Prefabricated concrete panel walls, flat concrete roof and concrete floor, double-glazed, wood frame windows
- District heating, allowing installation of TRVs and balancing valves
|
|
Cost effectiveness of energy efficiency investment
Energy savings, investment costs and cost of conserved energy
|
|
U-value before
|
U-value after
|
Energy saved [kWh/m2a]
|
Annual investment cost [€/m2a]
|
Cost of conserved energy [€cent/kWh]
|
Simple payback [a]
|
|
Walls
|
1.20
|
0.30
|
61.4
|
33.7%
|
0.78
|
1.3
|
11.0
|
|
Roof
|
2.17
|
0.24
|
24.4
|
13.4%
|
0.11
|
0.4
|
3.8
|
|
Floor
|
1.10
|
0.45
|
8.2
|
4.5%
|
0.13
|
1.6
|
13.7
|
|
Windows
|
2.60
|
1.80
|
18.2
|
10.0%
|
0.64
|
3.5
|
30.6
|
|
Package
|
1.57
|
0.51
|
123.7
|
67.8%
|
1.66
|
1.3
|
11.6
|
|
TRVs
|
54.7
|
30.0%
|
0.11
|
0.2
|
1.3
|
|
All of the above combined
|
133.4
|
73.1%
|
1.77
|
1.3
|
11.3
|
Energy savings, costs of energy and of CO2 mitigation
|
|
Energy saved [kWh/m2a]
|
Cost of supplied energy [€cent/kWh]
|
Cost of conserved energy [€cent/kWh]
|
Net cost of conserved energy [€cent/kWh]
|
Cost of CO2 mitigation [€/tCO2]
|
Net cost of CO2 mitigation [€/tCO2]
|
|
Walls
|
61.4
|
33.7%
|
2.0
|
1.3
|
-0.7
|
55
|
-32
|
|
Roof
|
24.4
|
13.4%
|
0.4
|
-1.6
|
19
|
-68
|
|
Floor
|
8.2
|
4.5%
|
1.6
|
-0.4
|
69
|
-18
|
|
Windows
|
18.2
|
10.0%
|
3.5
|
1.5
|
154
|
67
|
|
Package
|
112.3
|
61.5%
|
2.0
|
1.5
|
-0.5
|
65
|
-23
|
|
TRVs
|
54.7
|
30.0%
|
0.2
|
-1.8
|
8
|
-79
|
|
All above
|
133.4
|
73.1%
|
1.3
|
-0.7
|
58
|
-29
|
Issues
- Very low fuel prices make investment one of the least cost-effective of all regions.